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Inventory of materials occurs at various stages and departments of an organization. All inventoried resources have economic value and can be considered as assets of the organization.Inventory is held to facilitate future consumption, sale or further processing/value addition.Inventory can be in complete state or incomplete state.All organizations engaged in production or sale of products hold inventory in one form or other.While inventory is a necessary evil of any such business, it may be noted that the organizations hold inventories for various reasons, which include speculative purposes, functional purposes, physical necessities etc.įrom the above definition the following points stand out with reference to inventory: Inventory is an idle stock of physical goods that contain economic value, and are held in various forms by an organization in its custody awaiting packing, processing, transformation, use or sale in a future point of time.Īny organization which is into production, trading, sale and service of a product will necessarily hold stock of various physical resources to aid in future consumption and sale. Most of the organizations have a separate department or job function called inventory planners who continuously monitor, control and review inventory and interface with production, procurement and finance departments. Inventory management requires constant and careful evaluation of external and internal factors and control through planning and review.
Every organization constantly strives to maintain optimum inventory to be able to meet its requirements and avoid over or under inventory that can impact the financial figures. Inventory management is a very important function that determines the health of the supply chain as well as the impacts the financial health of the balance sheet. Therefore these functions are extremely important to marketing managers as well as finance controllers. Some key aspects like supply chain management, logistics and inventory form the backbone of the business delivery function. In any business or organization, all functions are interlinked and connected to each other and are often overlapping.